2025年全国硕士研究生入学考试 英语201（一）
2025年全国硕士研究生入学考试
英语（一）附参考答案
科目代码（201）
考生注意事项:
1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。
2.答题前，考生须将答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”“考生编号”等信息填写清楚，并
与准考证上的一致。
3.答案必须按要求填涂或书写在指定的答题卡上。
（1）选择题的答案需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，用其它笔填涂的或写在试卷上的答案无效。
（2）其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔在答题卡上按规定要求作答，凡写在试卷上或未写在指定位置的答案无效。
4.答题卡严禁折叠。考试结束后，将答题卡和试卷一起交给监考人员
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. and became an important trading center for Mycenaean Greece (1650-1180 B.C. ). This area of the Aegean Sea is 1 to earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to 2 sink. The slow sea level rise in Mediterranean 3 this city around 3000 years ago.
For millennia, the city's 4 lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick layer of sand 5 the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting 6 and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that 7 Pavlopetri. In 1967 a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was 8 data to analyze changes in sea levels 9 British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken 10 . A year later, he returned with a few students to 11 the location and map the site. 12 the exciting initial finds, the site would lie13 for decades before archaeologists would return.
In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallou and Jon Henderson 14 the excavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology 15 and tools had made huge advances. The team 16 robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to 17 Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri's three main roads 18 some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards. Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, 19 Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a 20 textile industry.
1.[A] relevant [B] prone [C] available [D] alien
2.[A] accidentally [B] frequently [C] gradually [D] temporarily
3.[A] disguised [B] submerged [C] relocated [D] isolated
4.[A] legends [B] programs [C] remains [D] surroundings
5.[A] across [B] off [C] under[ D] via
6 [A] currents [B] rivers [C] seasons [D] winds
7 [A] elevated [B] separated [C] comprised [D] protected
8 [A] gathering [B] restoring [C] updating [D] supplying
9 [A] when [B] until [C] after [D] once
10 [A] belongings [B] resources [C] products [D] structures
11 [A] preserve [B] select [C] display [D] examine
12 [A] Despite [B] Unlike [C] Besides [D] Among
13 [A] unchallenged [B]unknown [C] unorganized [D] undisturbed
14 [A] suspended [B] transferred [ C] resumed [D] canceled
15 [A] policies [B] theories [C] documents [D] techniques
16 [A] ordered [B] provided [C] employed [D] adjusted
17 [A] effect [B] light [C] reality [D] mind
18 [A] crossed [B] connected [C] blocked [D] altered
19 [A] expecting [B] suggesting [C] predicting [D] recalling
20 [A] robust [B] diverse [C] marginal [D] dependent
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing
A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
The grammar school boy from Stratford-Upon-Avon has landed a scholarly. Punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children's literacy and emotional development, but only if you can act him out.
A study found that a "rehearsal room" approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and the capacity of their writing as well as their emotional literacy. "The research shows that the way actors work. Makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves," Jacqui O Hanlon of Royal Shakespeare Company(RSC), which commission the study, said.
The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils--aged nine and ten--at 45. State primary schools that had not been previously exposed to RS Pedagogy. They were split into target and control groups and asked to write for example a message in bottle as Ferdinand after the shipwreck in the tempest. The target group was given a 30-minute drama based activity to accompany the passage.
The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words, classed as more sophisticated or rarer, and wrote at greater length. They also appear to be more comfortable writing in role. While [control] pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked, [target] children put themselves in the shoes of literary character and express that character's emotion.
The Time to Act Study also found that while controlled pupils relied on desert is land cliché’s, such as palm trees, target pupils were more expansive [giving] a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions.
O'Helen said she had been most surprised by the emotional literacy that was evident in the children's writing, and that they were more resilient in their writing more hopeful, she added: the emotional understanding was very evident and it is probably related to the rehearsal room process, where you are used to trying to imagine your way through. They were comfortable in describing different emotional states and part of what you do in drama is put yourself in different shoes. The study showed the importance of embedding our in education , she said.
But could the results be re replicated with any old dramatists? O'Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20,000 words, compared with the everyday 2,000 words gave a massive expansion of language into a children's lives, which was combined with children using their whole bodies to bring words to life.
21. The rehearsal room approach requires pupils to .
[A] rewrite the lines from Shakespeare
[B] watch RSC actors performances
[C] play the roles in Shakespeare
[D] study drama under RSC artists
22. The study divided the pupils into two groups to find .
[A] whether a the change in situation enhance learning outcomes
[B] expanding vocabulary helps develop reading fluency
[C] see emotion affects understanding of sophisticated workers
[D] the classroom activity stimulates interest in the arts
23. Control pupil's reliance on desert island click’s shows their .
[A] weakness in description
[B] omission of small details
[C] casual style of writing
[D] the preference for big words
24. What can promote children's emotional literacy according to O'Hanlon?
[A] Writing in an imaginative manner
[B] Identifying with literacy characters
[C] Drawing inspiration from nature
[D] Centralizing on real life situations
25. It can inferred from the last paragraph that .
[A] a the new teaching method may work best with Shakespeare
[B] the language of Shakespeare may be formidable for pupils
[C] other older dramatists may be included in primary education
[D] the pupils may be reluctant to work on other old dramatists
Text 2
I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy-intensive modeling. At the very least, we need to make our energy use far more sustainable
It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites - the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse - demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. And it is equally true that science's unrelenting appetite for information has caused a mushrooming of energy-intensive data centers around the world. According to the International Energy Agency, these buildings now consume about I percent of the world's electricity.
If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIS Every day, scientists, technologists and engineers are discovering new ways to exploit renewable energy sources and develop techniques not just to use power more intelligently but to power our intelligence. A great example of this is Europe's largest super computer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon - negative, established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani.
26. The author expressed great surprise at some scientists' .
[A] unwillingness to cut carbon emissions
[B] intention to reduce their research
[C]suspicions about sustainable energy
[D] waste of electricity in their projects
27. The author believes that carbon emissions from research .
[A] have caused grave consequences
[B] have caused groundless worries
[C] are hard to handle at present
[D] are justifiable in the long run
28. The example of Green in Paragraph 5 is used to illustrate, .
[A] the achievements of great scientists
[B] the urgency of addressing climate change
[C] the rewards of scientific endeavors
[D] the value of fostering human ingenuity
29. It can be learned from the last two paragraph .
[A] Is a model of sustainability efforts
[B] Is a triumph against energy shortage
[C] owes much to global het-20 initiatives
[D] aims to explore the power of intelligence
30. Which of the following statements would the author agree with?
[A] Emission-free modeling demands extra funding
[B] The need for supercomputers is difficult to meet
[C] Energy-intensive research work is inevitable
[D] The goals of researchers ought to be realistic.
Text3
Ever since taking on Netflix In[C] at its own game, old Hollywood has struggled to turn a profit in streaming, with the likes of Disney+, Peacock and Paramount losing billions of dollars each year, sparking concerns that the services will never be as profitable as cable once was. But the age of streaming has been a boon for some unintended winners: pirates that use software to rip a film or television show in seconds from legitimate online video platforms and host the titles on their own, illegitimate services, which rake in about $2 billion annually from ads and subscriptions.
With no video production costs, illegal streaming sites have achieved profit margins approaching 90%, according to the Motion Picture Association (MPA),a trade group representing Hollywood studios that's working. to crack down on the thousands of illegal platforms that have cropped up in recent years.
Initially the rise of legitimate online businesses such as Netflix actually helped curb digital piracy, which had largely been based on file uploads. But now piracy involving illegal streaming services as well as file-sharing costs the US economy about $30 billion in lost revenue a years and some 250,000 jobs estimates the US Chamber of Commerce's Global Innovation Policy Center. The global impact is about $71 billion annually.
"The people who are stealing our movies and our television shows and operating piracy sites are not mom and pop operations, "says Charlie Rivkin, chief executive officer of the MPA. "This is organized crime. " Rivkin joined the MPA in 2017 after the organization failed five years earlier to build consensus between Hollywood and Silicon Valley to win passage of legislation in Congress aimed at stopping online piracy. In 2017 the association formed the Alliance for Creativity and Entertainment(ACE). an enforcement task force of about 100 detectives circling the globe to help local authorities arrest streaming pirates.
ACE says it's helped shrink the number of illegal streaming services in North America to 126, from more than 1,400 in 2018, aided in part by the MPA's support for a 2020 federal law that made large-scale streaming of copyright material a serious crime.
Consulting firm Parks Associates predicts that legitimate US streaming services' cumulative loss from piracy since 2022 will reach $113 billion in the next two years. "While there is some optimism that emerging, counter measures and best practices may see piracy begin to plateau by2027, there is no consensus among stake holders as to when it may begin to decline, "says analyst Steve Hawley.
31. According to Paragraph I, legitimate streaming services
[A] have drawn lessons from Hollywood
[B] have surpassed cable in revenue
[C] are unpopular with advertisers
[D] are confronted with a real threat
32. It can be learned that streamers like Netpix
[A] played a part in the fight against illegal file-sharing
[B] reaped benefits from the war with digital pirates
[C] promised to become big job creators in the US
[D] used to collaborate with file uploading platforms
33. It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that the MPA
[A] was denied cooperation by silicon valley
[B] led a national protest against online piracy
[C] was urged to from an enforcement task force
[D] failed to win support from local authorities
34. According to Hawley, digital piracy:
[A] cannot be checked in spite of new legislation
[B] will possibly overwhelm legitimate streamers
[C] is unlikely to diminish in the near future
[D] has been underestimated by some analysts
35. Which of the following is emphasized in the text?
[A] The need to coordinate anti-piracy action
[B] The criminal nature of copyright violation
[C] The prospect of eliminating online piracy
[D] The economic harm from illegal streaming
Text 4
Visit any antiques store and you' Il encounter artifacts from the past: photographs, letters, a brochure detailing the Sinclair dinosaur exhibit from the 1964-65 World's Fair, the ephemera of history. Yet these objects aren't truly ephemeral, because they' re still here, decades, even centuries later. Why? Because they' re tangible.
Have you pondered the life cycle of intangible formats, digital information, given that those who produce these artifacts seldom make provision for their long-term preservation? For millennia, we've known what we've known due to artifacts that have survived, often despite their original creators' neglect. The thing itself is the medium that delivers the information. At the time of creation, no attempts were made at intentional preservation, yet analog materials have a chance of surviving and serving as the historical record that biographers, historians, and novelists rely on. Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information. One of S. R. Ranganathan's foundational Laws of Library Science is "Save the time of the reader." Thus, librarians digitize the tangible so that researchers the world over can quickly search and access their holdings. The result is an embarrassment riches, which brings its own needle-and-haystack problems.
Librarians' innate altruism can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cell phone and saying, "it's all in here," or noting "I never have to leave my laptop" as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today. Yet how was that universality of access made possible and, perhaps more importantly, how is it maintained? Who curates what is preserved? When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one. Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog. Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that's saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete, the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, thinking: how do I get the files off this? Without constant migration of digital assets, a nightmare about the foreseeable future is what keeps historians up at night: a historical record that abruptly stops when digital replaces analog.
This phenomenon is frightening because it's pervasive, from the photos on your phone to the official U. S. federal government publications integral to documenting our republic and informing its electorate. There's also the horror of sheer volume; we are drowning in a sea of unorganized digital information. Digital objects increase exponentially in a way tangible formats do not. In the 1990s, a family might had a few hours of home.
movies documenting three generations. My millennial sister has thousands of hours of video from her two-year-old's still brief time on this planet with no organizational metadata (i.e., it's unsearchable). So when it comes to preservation, the situation is akin to bailing that digital sea with a teacup. From a "historical record" standpoint, this doesn't even touch on the issue of authentication, which is increasingly important in an era of deep fakes, manipulation, and after-the-fact revision of primary sources.
36. The author mentions the artifacts from the past to
[A] introduce the collection of antiques
[B] contrast them with everyday items
[C] bring up the issue of preservation
[D] comment on their historical value
37. Compared with digital objects, tangible artifacts
[A] are less subject to their creators' neglect
[B] convey information in a more direct way
[C] require more international preservation
[D] are less likely to suffer serious damage
38. According to Paragraph 3, librarians work may result in
[A] oversupply of materials
[B] undervaluation of libraries
[C] researchers' underperformance
[D] users' overreliance on technology
39. The "ZIP disk" is cited as an example to show
[A] the hazard of retrieving files through unusual means.
[B] the infeasibility of constantly migrating digital assets
[C] the possibility of losing information in obsolete formats.
[D] the inconvenience of storing information on analog devices
40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the test?
[A] Hard work should be done to preserve artifacts.
[B] Contributions of librarians should be recognized
[C] Accessing databases is essential to researchers.
[D] Keeping digital historical records is a challenge
Part B
Directions: For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph F and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
[A] Peters likes to photograph butterflies in a landscape, celebrating the beauty of their surroundings as well as the insects themselves. His pictures of a Glanville fritillary rising from the sea-pinks beside the chalk cliffs of Compton Bay on the Isle of Wight are particularly glorious. These tale-off shots are even more challenging because they require a wide-angle lens, which means he must be less than 2cm from the butterfly. It's incredibly difficult to get that close to a skittish sun-warmed insect. Unlike some photographers, who "cheat" by keeping insects in a fridge to slow them down. Peters refuses to temper with wild butterflies.
[B] Peters' signature shot is a butterfly "take - off", showing the multiple wing-beats of one butterfly in one frame as it lifts off from a flower. How does he capture it ? Technology helps. A typical digital SLR camera shoots 20 frames a second. He uses a high-speed OM System which shoots 120 frames a second.
[C] Britain has relatively few butterfly species compared with mainland Europe and 80% are in decline, mostly because intensive chemical farming has reduced many species to tiny fragments of habitat and small nature reserves. Global heating is benefiting some species but others are too isolated to find suitable new habitat, and gardening habits-paving over gardens and using pesticides - aren't helping either. Butterflies may not pollinate as many plants as wild bees and hoverflies, but because British butterflies are the best-studied group of insects in the world. they are an extremely useful indicator of the wider declines in flying insects
[D] Five years ago, at summer's end, Andrew Fusek Peters was diagnosed with bowel cancer. "I was waiting for surgery, feeling really ill, sitting in my garden. It was amazing weather and there were painted lady butterflies everywhere, "he says." They were a symbol of fragile life, of hope and defiance, and something appealed to my soul
[E] That makes it sound easy, and artificial, but Peters insists it is still a massive challenge. He typically takes between 10,000 and 20,000 shots to get one butterfly take-off sequence in focus. At such high shutter speeds, the depth of field is tiny. and as butterflies do hot fly in a straight line they swiftly flutter out of focus. As well as thousands of attempts, it takes patience and field craft to anticipate a butterfly's likely flight-line-and catch it-in focus
[F] So what's the appeal of a long, sweaty day in pursuit of an elusive, fasting-moving wild animal? "It just feels bloody brilliant," says Peters, "If I've had a full day of good encounters with butterflies, met interesting butterfly people and I've got some good shots, that becomes a vault in my spiritual bank. It's a happy feeling."
[G] A children's author and poet who had become a keen amateur photographer, peters watched the butterflies and idly wondered if he could capture them in flight. It swiftly become an obsession as he recovered from a successful operation to remove the cancer. In recent summers, he has travelled the length and breadth of Britain to photograph all 58 native species of butterfly. Now the fruits of those summers have seen published in a beautiful new book.
[H] A butterfly takes off so quickly it is still impossible to react quickly enough to capture that take-off but if he half-presses the shutter, the camera saves the 70 previous frames before the moment he actually takes the picture. "It's time travel, so I don't miss the moment of take-off," he says. After he's captured the butterfly taking off, he layers 10 to 15 frames together in Photoshop.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWERSHEET.(10 points)
Innovation and research have relied on public participation in science for centuries. It was a musician who discovered the planet Uranus in the18th century by making his own telescope with mirrors composed of copper and tin. (46) Recent decades have seen more engagement in the subject can only be done through institutions such as a university. Citizen science provides an opportunity for greater public engagement and the democratization of science.
In the information era, large data sets, small teams and financial restrictions have slowed scientific process.(47) But by utilizing the natural curiosity of the general public it is possible to overcome many of these challenges by engaging non-scientists directly in the research process. Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of age, nationality or academic experience. You don't even need any formal training, just an inquisitive mind and the enthusiasm to join one of the thousands of citizen science projects to generate new knowledge and the means to understand a genuine scientific outcome.
(48) Scientists have employed a variety of ways to engage the general public in their research, such as making data analysis into an online game or sample collection into a smartphone application. They've implored citizens to help with bug counting and categorizing cancer cells, and even identifying distant galaxies.
This form of accessible science means that great minds are able to join the race to create and develop projects with the potential to change the world. A citizen science-based approach can extend the field of vision and include different ideas and different brains to problem-solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective
he rise of citizen science has grown alongside the rise of do-it-yourself biology laboratories around the world.(49)These groups of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizen scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm.
There are around 40 official do-it-yourself biology centers across the globe in locations including Paris, London, Sydney, and Tel Aviv.(50) They pool resources, collaborate, think outside the box, and find solutions and ways around obstacles to explore science for the sake of science without the traditional boundaries of working inside a formal setting. So is it time to take the Petri dish out of the laboratory and into the garage?
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
Read the following email from your classmate Paul and write him a reply.
Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name in the email; use "Li Ming" instead.(10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
今年来全国居民平均每百户年末主要耐用消费品拥有量
答案解析
Section I Use of English
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.A
10.D 11.D 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.B
19.B 20.A
Section II Reading Comprehension
21.C 22.A 23.A 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.D
28.C 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.A 34.C 35.D 36.C
37.B 38.B 39.C 40.D 41.D 42.G 43.B 44.E 45.F
46.近几十年来，人们更多地参与到只能通过大学等机构来进行的课题研究中。
47.但利用公众天生的好奇心，通过让非科学家直接参与研究过程，有可能克服其中的许多挑战。
48.科学家们采用了多种方式让公众参与他们的研究，比如将数据分析设计成在线游戏，或将样本收集设计成智能手机应用程序。
49.这些群体是公民科学家和专业科学家组成的生物技术社会运动的发现带出机构，交到任何有热情的人手中。一部分，该运动正在迅速扩张，他们寻求将发现机构交到任何有热情的人手中。
50.他们汇集资源，开展合作，跳出固有思维模式，找到解决问题的方案和绕过障碍的方法，为了科学而探索科学，不受传统正式工作环境的束缚。
Section III Writing
Part A
参考范文：
Dear Paul,
I'm glad to hear you're excited about the craft-making show. Therefore, I am writing this email with the purpose of tell you some detailed information about this event
For a start, the young craftsmen we have invited will showcase a mix of traditional and modern crafts. For example, there will be demonstrations of paper-cutting, pottery-making, and embroidery, as well as some innovative works like 3D-printed crafts and eco-friendly handmade products. We hope this variety will inspire everyone to appreciate the blending of traditional skills and modern creativity. Besides, as for your offer to help, it would be great if you could assist with preparing display boards with information about the craftsmen and their works, organizing the seating arrangements, and setting up the demonstration area. If you have any other ideas or suggestions, please feel free to share them!
Thank you again for your support-I'm really looking forward to working with you to make this event a success!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Part B
参考范文：
The table depicts the average ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 households in China from 2014 to 2023. The goods included are washing machines, refrigerators, and air conditioners. The chart shows a steady increase in ownership for all three categories over the years, with air conditioners experiencing the most significant jump from 75.2 in2014 to 145.9 in 2023.
The chart provides a clear picture of the economic development in China. The increasing ownership of durable consumer goods is a testament to the progress that the country has made in terms of economic prosperity and social welfare. However, it is also worth noting that while ownership has increased, there is still room for growth, especially in rural areas where access to these goods may be limited. Overall, this chart serves as a reminder of the ongoing economic transformation in China and the improving quality of life for its citizens.
In conclusion, the data presented in the graph underscores the rapid transformation of consumer behavior in China over the past decade. As the nation continues to develop economically and socially, the demand for durable consumer goods is expected to keep rising.
